There have been a lot of ads and a lot of controversy this year about the 2010 Census. As a genealogist, I absolutely LOVE the census and hope that 100 years from now someone is looking at the Travis County census and saying, “Yes, there they are again, Janice and Mark were still in the same home as they were in the 2000 census.”
I doubt that most people have vivid memories of censuses they have participated in, but I do. In 1970, our neighbor across the street, Ruth Dudley, worked for the census as a census taker. She had a big plastic briefcase/pouch with a red, white, and blue panel on the side that said U.S. Census (or something). She had pencils with U.S. Census on them and sheets of rub-on white dots for some purpose. I remember these things most vividly because when she was through working for the census, she gave all these fun things to me!! She was a great neighbor. She did cut off the red, white, and blue “official” part so I couldn’t impersonate a census taker, but I still had a cool briefcase and all the fun things inside. I don’t remember Mother and Daddy actually participating in the census, but I wonder, too, about future generations losing our family when they see us in Randall County, Texas, in 1960 and find Mom and Dad in Randall County, Texas, 1980. I know how these genealogy things work and who is going to think to look in El Paso County, Colorado, in the 1970 census! Of course, as much as the Internet and computers have made it easier to check other census, I hope they find us. And maybe when they see that Daddy worked for Colorado Interstate Gas Company they can make the assumption that we moved there because of work.
I look at old census and consider these things and make assumptions all the time. The census now is available online to most anybody. I have to have my library card to get to the source that has it, but it might be available in other ways, too. Before, you would have to go strain your eyes over microfilm at the library and possibly request a roll of film from another library to be sent just so you could look… often in vain… for a missing relative.
One thing that has not gotten any easier is reading the writing on the old census. It is amazing to look at the old pages and see the writing there. Some is ornate and intricate and perfect and I have no idea how they managed to keep that same penmanship line after line after line (and page after page). Others are just about as sloppy as my handwriting is today and very difficult to read. And sometimes it is just the condition of the paper and the years that make it hard to read.
Some of the old census only had the name of the head of the household. Later they put the family members’ names and their relationship to the head of the household. They also recorded where the family members were born and where their parents were born (great for studying migration or getting clues about why your family came from somewhere). Education, marital status, age, land ownership, occupation. As the census become more complex, each page gives you a better picture of ancestors and also their neighbors and community.
In 1980 I was living in an apartment in Amarillo in Potter County and a census taker actually came and talked to me. In 1990 I was in Dallas County, but by then I think I was just filling in a form and mailing it. Same for 2000 after we had moved to Travis County.
You may not know that the government only opens the census up for general use 70 years after it is taken. So at some point this year, I will have access to the 1940 census, which is exciting to me. The 1930 census was still taken by hand and handwritten. I expect the same for 1940 .
It is hard to fathom how a census was taken– even when communities were small and easier to manage. I wouldn’t even want the task of going up and down my block and trying to make contact with everyone and get this important information. But imagine going down EVERY block. There were huge cities in this country by the time the censuses began to be taken. I don’t know how they even began to coordinate a census and then how they pulled ALL those pieces of paper together. Sadly, some of those huge stores of papers have been destroyed in courthouse fires and many of the South’s records were lost during the Civil War. Hopefully, new censuses will have documentation backed up in multiple ways and a giant power outage won’t destroy it all.

Here’s just the tiniest bit of the 1900 Comanche County, Texas, census. Edward L. Hallford was my great-grandfather and Henrietta my great-grandmother and Arla E. who was a mere 6 months old at the time, was my Papa Hallford. I love this page of the census because it is easy to see they lived next to James Hallford (the top line), Ed’s brother, and not far below are Henrietta’s parents and other Cunninghams from her family. Interesting to see, too, the other people that became their relatives when Papa married Mamma, but were just neighbors at this time. I love to look down the list of occupations. On this page, every head of the household except one was a farmer (including Ed Hallford). The exception was a Cunningham that was a clergyman. And Ed’s sister, who also lived just down the road with herparents (my great-great-grandparents), taught music. Even my great-great-great-grandmother, who was 88 and had come to Texas in 1842 in a group of wagons from Missouri, lived down the road and is on this page. In fact, only 2 family names on this page are not related to me in some way. One is a hired hand and the other, Dobbs it looks like, may be related to me and I just don’t know how.
There is no way of knowing what information the census will give to genealogists in the future. By then there may be time travel and they will just come back and meet us, who knows. FaceBook records from last year will still be floating in space and my family members can take note that I posted a status of ”going to Dallas for the weekend” in 2009. But for genealogists, though they aren’t 100% accurate, they are a source that is exactly from the time and given by the person themselves. It doesn’t get any better than that for a genealogist. I hope you answer your census and it benefits someone down the line in a way you can never fathom.
One thing we do know… there will continue to be censuses in the United States every 10 years as long as there is a United States–it’s part of our constitution. Currently, the Census Bureau is doing more than that, surveying people every 6 months in more intensive interviews with more questions, but the census you’ll soon be receiving apparently is only 10 questions long… not much bigger than the very first on in 1790.
